CES Wiki - User contributions [en]

Main Page

2012-02-14T11:45:33Z

Kinslayer:

Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) is used in the treatment of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and drug addiction; via an electrical current. CES is an alternative to drugs, which attempt to affect the brain via chemical processes. Although in the United States, CES equipment must be prescribed by a physician, it is widely available on the Internet, for both medical and recreational purposes. ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_Electrotherapy_Stimulation Wikipedia])

This site is intended to serve as a central repository for all relevant information concerning the use of this techonology.

* [[:Category:Units|Units]]: [[Voodoo Magick Box]], [[:Category:Building your own|Building your own]], [[Units|more...]]
* [[Uses]]: [[Medical]], [[Recreation]], [[Other Uses]]
* [[Related]]: [[Binaural Beats]], [[Lights and Goggles]], [[Meditation]], [[Drugs]], [[EEGs]]
* [[:Category:FAQs|FAQs]]: [[Earclips]], [[Electrodes_DIY]]

===Editing Help===

Please DO edit these pages. Editing requires registration to prevent spam. While not required, we would appreciate it if you add your name next to all edits. See also the [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_User%27s_Guide User's Guide] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_layout Guide_to_layout]

The site is administered by Gadi Cohen aka Kinslayer <dragon@wastelands.net>

Note: the site got somewhat taken over my spam. As of Feb 2012, the site has been restored by hand, with measures in place to prevent reoccurance. Unfortunately as a consequence, the Edit History and associated credits was lost. In particular, a big thanks go out to [[User:SleepyCowboy]] who made large contributions to the material on this site.

Main Page

2012-02-14T11:44:52Z

Kinslayer:

Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) is used in the treatment of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and drug addiction; via an electrical current. CES is an alternative to drugs, which attempt to affect the brain via chemical processes. Although in the United States, CES equipment must be prescribed by a physician, it is widely available on the Internet, for both medical and recreational purposes. ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cranial_Electrotherapy_Stimulation Wikipedia])

This site is intended to serve as a central repository for all relevant information concerning the use of this techonology.

* [[:Category:Units|Units]]: [[Voodoo Magick Box]], [[:Category:Building your own|Building your own]], [[Units|more...]]
* [[Uses]]: [[Medical]], [[Recreation]], [[Other Uses]]
* [[Related]]: [[Binaural Beats]], [[Lights and Goggles]], [[Meditation]], [[Drugs]], [[EEGs]]
* [[:Category:FAQs|FAQs]]: [[Earclips]], [[Electrodes_DIY]]

===Editing Help===

Please DO edit these pages. Editing requires registration to prevent spam. While not required, we would appreciate it if you add your name next to all edits. See also the [http://meta.wikipedia.org/wiki/MediaWiki_User%27s_Guide User's Guide] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Guide_to_layout Guide_to_layout]

The site is administered by Gadi Cohen aka Kinslayer <dragon@wastelands.net>

Note: the site got somewhat taken over my spam. As of Feb 2012, the site has been restored by hand, with measures in place to prevent reoccurance. Unfortunately as a consequence, the Edit History and associated credits was lost. In particular, a big thanks go out to [[User:Sleepy_Cow]] who made large contributions to the material on this site.

File:VoodooMagickBox.jpg

2012-02-14T11:41:04Z

Kinslayer:

User:SleepyCowboy

2012-02-14T11:40:00Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "Clean up things thrown in. Add safety page: volt and amps calibration. (meter and scope) frequencies and epilepsy (even if you don't have it). amps and cooking brains. EM fields..."

Clean up things thrown in.

Add safety page:
volt and amps calibration. (meter and scope)
frequencies and epilepsy (even if you don't have it).
amps and cooking brains.
EM fields and children/cancer.

Calcs for resistors to drop amps.
Calcs for pot to drop volts.
Quick table showing relation to mega, kilo, unit, milli, micro, pico.

Expand various types of ear clips:
over the ear.
tape+foil with clamp pads.
hackedcanada link.
saltwater+tissue (already there). (baking soda also conducts without rusting)
penny method.
warning about soldering electrodes with lead up against the skin.

overdrive sine wave to clipping for easy square and use LPF for harmonic removal?

sine->square wave converter will still suffer from dc blocking capacitor.

Test square waves and pics for use in sound card/cd/mp3 calibration.

External links page.
ces descriptions/usages.
medical pdf's.
other circuits.
simple how to solder.

General uses page with real reasons why certain treatments do a don't work. Add variable EM fields.

---

Ideopathic: continually unknown. Hypersomnia: overly tired. Just another for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. In short, I'm miserable and wasted all the time and nobody knows why. If you understand batteries, think if this as Dead Battery Syndrome.

As far as alternatives, I am Christian and get prayed for a lot. I believe in a good diet and not the traditional American artificial one. I take lots of vitamins and minerals. I would exercise more if I weren't so tired. I probably should get some more sunlight, but there's a history of melanoma in my family, so I'm really careful with UV light. I make sure the calcium pills I take have vitamin D in them already. My bed is slowly becoming a borg regeneration chamber. In addition to CES and binaurals, I've also studied varying EM fields. As time permits I'd also like to add hyperbarics...and something else I'm forgetting. Some of my symptoms are similar to central sleep apnea. I've made my own artificial ventilator and have been sleeping with an alien...err...mask wrapped around my face the past 3 years. Hmm...maybe I should have made my nick SpaceJockey. I generally don't believe in drugs. I've been on numerous prescriptions, all bad. The side effects were worse than the problems. The long term fine print warnings for all those pills are beyond scary. I've experimented with verious herbs (all legal), but they didn't come close to doing anything as advertised. I'm not huge into conspiracies, but I do believe that the major drug cartels are moderately suppressing new technologies that are cheap and helpful in favor of their expensive, worthless, and dangerous pills. I also believe the FDA should monitor quality and claims of physical medical hardware devices (non-chemical related) but should not require prescriptions for CES (small square wave signal generators that are more common than realized), blood oximeters (simple reading/monitoring equipment category), and things like CPAPs (way over priced calibrated impeller fans).

File:Electrodes FoilAndClip.jpg

2012-02-14T11:26:59Z

Kinslayer: Messing around with some foil and clip electrodes and this is what I came up with. A half inch strip of foil is mostly taped along the middle section so it won't rip. On the opposite side and flipped over, the ends are taped. The taped foil is then folded

Messing around with some foil and clip electrodes and this is what I came up with. A half inch strip of foil is mostly taped along the middle section so it won't rip. On the opposite side and flipped over, the ends are taped. The taped foil is then folded up so that the alligator clip can bite the shiny side and the earlobe fits between the shiny ends of the foil. A small piece of 14 gauge copper house wire is folded over in butterfly fasion and used to help hold the foil against the earlobe (similar to a clip on ear ring).

File:Electrodes FoilAndClamp-2.jpg

2012-02-14T11:26:31Z

Kinslayer: Messing around with some foil and clamp electrodes and this is what I came up with. A half inch strip of foil is mostly taped along the middle section so it won't rip. On the opposite side and flipped over, the ends are taped. The taped foil is then folde

Messing around with some foil and clamp electrodes and this is what I came up with. A half inch strip of foil is mostly taped along the middle section so it won't rip. On the opposite side and flipped over, the ends are taped. The taped foil is then folded up so that the alligator clip can bite the shiny side and the earlobe fits between the shiny ends of the foil. The orange part of the clamp then goes over the foil on the earlobes to help hold it in place. The brown wire on the clamp prevents it from closing too far and biting the earlobe too hard.

File:Electrodes EarHook.jpg

2012-02-14T11:25:53Z

Kinslayer: Simple 14 gauge copper house wire bent around to form an over the ear hook that electrode clips can bite into. (Right ear hook shown, make a mirror for the left.) Note that the ends of the wire are bent outwards from the face as to not stab. The ending in

Simple 14 gauge copper house wire bent around to form an over the ear hook that electrode clips can bite into. (Right ear hook shown, make a mirror for the left.) Note that the ends of the wire are bent outwards from the face as to not stab. The ending inch or so is also angled inwards to hug the contour of the head.

File:Electrodes Parts Foil-Clip-Clamp.jpg

2012-02-14T11:25:17Z

Kinslayer: Various parts to the home brewed electrodes. See the foil and clamp image for an in depth description. See the foil and clip image for an in depth description. A piece of taped foil was unfolded to help show the taping method a little more. One side of th

Various parts to the home brewed electrodes. See the foil and clamp image for an in depth description. See the foil and clip image for an in depth description. A piece of taped foil was unfolded to help show the taping method a little more. One side of the long middle section is fully taped. The opposite ends are then taped. Untaped foil rips too easily and requires reinforcement. A 14 gauge copper house wire butterfly clip is also shown.

File:Electrodes Wiring-2.jpg

2012-02-14T11:24:45Z

Kinslayer: Universal electrode clips. Note: do NOT let the alligator clips directly bite your ears. There will be pain and blood. The alligator clips are intended to attach to other electrodes that attach to your ear. The alligator clips came from 2 jumpers I got at

Universal electrode clips. Note: do NOT let the alligator clips directly bite your ears. There will be pain and blood. The alligator clips are intended to attach to other electrodes that attach to your ear. The alligator clips came from 2 jumpers I got at the electronics store, cut in half, and soldered to the clear stranded speaker wire. Having universal clips avoids using lead solder near/on the skin and allows for many different types of electrodes (and easy cleaning of those electrodes since they are removable). At the end of the wire is the univeral 1/8" (3.5mm) stereo plug. I wired both tip and ring (left and right channels) together and hooked them up to the yellow wire. The green wire is hooked up to the connector sleeve (ground). My preference is for different colored wires to differentiate between hot and ground (not that it really matters much with true and balanced AC signals).

Electrodes DIY

2012-02-14T11:23:58Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "Electrodes These are some home brewed electrodes I have experimented with. Each has various advantages and disadvantages. These are designed to be cheap and easily replacable..."

Electrodes

These are some home brewed electrodes I have experimented with. Each has various advantages and disadvantages. These are designed to be cheap and easily replacable if need be using common parts. I normally put the electrode metal straight against my skin since I use low voltage and current and seem to have an immunity to electrolysis burns. If this is not you, use a small folded tissue and some salt water for the electrode pads.

 WARNING: Avoid the use of dangerous heavy metals (such as lead) close to or against the skin. I have seen some electrode designs that involved soldering lead to the back of a dime. In this case do NOT use lead solder but a lead free/silver type solder instead.

 
----
 

[[Image:Electrodes_Wiring-2.jpg|200px]]

The wiring and clips I use for my electrodes. Click the image for a detailed description.

 
----
 

[[Image:Electrodes_Parts_Foil-Clip-Clamp.jpg|200px]]

Various parts I used (still use) in my early tests. Click the image for a detailed description.

 
----
 

[[Image:Electrodes_EarHook.jpg|200px]]

Ear hook electrode model I use with my special sleep unit. Click the image for a detailed description.

 
----
 

[[Image:Electrodes_FoilAndClamp-2.jpg|200px]]

Aluminum foil and spring clamp electrode. Click the image for a detailed description.

 
----
 

[[Image:Electrodes_FoilAndClip.jpg|200px]]

Aluminum foil and butterfly wire clip electrode. Click the image for a detailed description.

 
----
 

other examples add here...

Earclips

2012-02-14T11:23:25Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "==Why the lobes?== As you'll see below there are a number of possible places to attach the clips but the earlobes seem to be most effective. Why? ==How to attach the clips?== S..."

==Why the lobes?==
As you'll see below there are a number of possible places to attach the clips but the earlobes seem to be most effective. Why?

==How to attach the clips?==
Sounds silly, but I found a significant improvement in comfort by always holding the clips with the opposite hand to the ear I'm attaching to. This results in a better angle so the clip doesn't put as much pressure onto your ear.

==Where else can you attach?==

* Behind the lobes: Didn't feel the shocks or get the eye flashes but still *seemed* to feel the effects

* Third eye and back of neck: Third-eye is between your two eyes just above your eyebrows, back of the neck works best right in the middle (higher or lower had a noticably lesser effect). This gave me stronger flashes but lesser tripping effect.

* Mastoid process:

* Ear lobes still seems to be the best place

==Salt solution: what concentration?==
2 teaspoons in a cup of water seems to be all you need.

==Salt solution: wash the clips with freshwater afterwards??==
Should we be doing this to avoid rust?

Baking soda is also conductive and not quite so corrosive. It may be worth a try.

==Improving comfort==
* I tried folding a square of toilet paper, soaking it in salt water, squeezing out excess water, and used this as padding between my ear and the clips. You can still feel the shocks but not as severely, and at one stage the effects were more noticable.. but its debatable whether or not its worth the effort.

EEGs

2012-02-14T11:23:09Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "==Wanted: EEG readings while using CES devices== External links: [http://openeeg.sf.net/ The Open EEG Project]"

==Wanted: EEG readings while using CES devices==

External links:
[http://openeeg.sf.net/ The Open EEG Project]

Lights and Goggles

2012-02-14T11:22:46Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "[SC->] placeholder Warning: epileptics are at higher risk for a seizure for anything over 5 flashes/second. Any flash rate over 10Hz has a better than 50% chance for causing a s..."

[SC->] placeholder

Warning: epileptics are at higher risk for a seizure for anything over 5 flashes/second. Any flash rate over 10Hz has a better than 50% chance for causing a seizure in those who are sensitive. Please be safe. See your neurologist FIRST and get an EEG if you think you might be at risk or have a family history.

Flashing lights have been known to entrain brainwaves whether the end receiver realizes it or not for quite some time throughout history. Early primitives used to/still go into trances watching fire flicker. Horror movies like to use flashing lights (especially strobes) to heighten suspense. A banned Pokemon episode sent many children to the hospital. Let's not get started about the Las Vegas gambling strip after dark.

Controlled flashing is usually not used alone but with binaural beats. With binaurals, the flashes must be sync'd to the beat frequency. This is often difficult if the program does not directly support it.

With CES using square waves, this is usually much simpler (at least for low frequencies). All that is needed is a trigger circuit set to the correct trigger voltage level.

Home made goggles are usually fairly simple for the soldering inclined. A pair of cheap sunglasses can have holes drilled big enough for LEDs to fit in with the wiring going back to the appropriate trigger and power circuit.

Many people will argue over which colors of light are the best. This is probably a moot point since your eyes should be closed when using. Brightness is probably a better argument. In general, it should be enough to easily see but not enough to blind.

Some people mention using the "flashers" to aid with sleep. While this may work for some, this probably isn't such a good idea for most. Light blocks melatonin release (it is thought that red light blocks it the least). Melatonin is a main sleep hormone. Can you truly sleep without melatonin? If you can sleep with the glasses on all night, this may be an interesting idea for a timed morning wake up, though.

Binaural Beats

2012-02-14T11:22:16Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "[SC->] placeholder Not everyone reacts the same to binaurals. The frequencies that work great for one person may not affect another person. This makes the science difficult. It..."

[SC->]

placeholder

Not everyone reacts the same to binaurals. The frequencies that work great for one person may not affect another person. This makes the science difficult. It's easy to hear that something is happening, it is just unclear how that something actually influences the brain.

More in depth explanation: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binaural_beats

(gpl/free) http://sbagen.sf.net is more complicated than most but can be used to create quite complex layering and sequences. I currently use it for an all night idealized sleep pattern.

(shareware) http://www.bwgen.com/ is a windoze program that has many features but cannot be used all night like SBAGen (at least at last check).

Other Uses

2012-02-14T11:21:57Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "==Out of Body Experiences== ==Improvements in Memory Recall=="

==Out of Body Experiences==

==Improvements in Memory Recall==

Recreation

2012-02-14T11:21:28Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "When using the Voodoo Magick Box, one can immediately experience a feeling like tripping. The unit markets itself as "The World's First Digital Drug". The unit runs at up t..."

When using the [[Voodoo Magick Box]], one can immediately experience a feeling like tripping. The unit markets itself as "The World's First Digital Drug". The unit runs at up to 1000 μA on the 0.5 Hz frequency which falls under the Alpha state.

* Are similar effects/experiences achieved at other frequencies?

==Interaction with Legal Drugs==

===Alcohol===

===DXM===

Found in over-the-counter cough medicines, DXM is known to cause psychedelic effects in high doses. It has also been associated with [[Other Uses|OOBEs]]. WARNING: Overdose causes death! The CES website does not encourage nor condone ingesting this chemical and the information here is provided purely for infortmation purposes. See also: Wikipedia ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DXM Dextromethorphan] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-medical_use_of_dextromethorphan it's Non-medical uses]) and [http://www.dextromethorphan.ws/ The DXM Harm Reduction Website].

==Interactions with Illegal Drugs==

The CES website does not courage nor condone the use of illegal drugs. The information provided here is purely for educational purposes.

===Marijuana (legal in some countries)===

Medical

2012-02-14T11:20:56Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "* http://www.eegbiofeedback.cz/e-stim/cesky/studie/05_Mind_Enhancement.htm"

* http://www.eegbiofeedback.cz/e-stim/cesky/studie/05_Mind_Enhancement.htm

File:Ces circuit 1.gif

2012-02-14T11:20:21Z

Kinslayer:

RedCircuits CES

2012-02-14T11:19:50Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "Category:Building your own {{hackcanada|http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/ces_circuit_1.html}} ==Circuit Diagram== Image:ces_circuit_1.gif ==Parts== <pr..."

[[Category:Building your own]]
{{hackcanada|http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/ces_circuit_1.html}}

==Circuit Diagram==

[[Image:ces_circuit_1.gif]]

==Parts==

<pre>
R1_____________1M5 1/4W Resistor
R2_____________15K 1/4W Resistor
R3____________100K Linear Potentiometer
R4_____________2K2 1/4W Resistor

C1___________330nF 63V Polyester Capacitor
C2___________100µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor

D1_____________3mm Red LED

IC1___________7555 or TS555CN CMos Timer IC
IC2___________4017 Decade counter with 10 decoded outputs IC

SW1___________SPST Slider Switch

B1______________9V PP3 Battery

Clip for PP3 Battery

Two Earclips with wires (see notes)
</pre>

==Device purpose:==

Owing to the recent launching in Europe of Cranial Electrotherapy Stimulation (CES) portable sets, we have been "Electronically Stimulated" in designing a similar circuit for the sake of Hobbyists. CES is the most popular technique for electrically boosting brain power, and has long been prescribed by doctors, mainly in the USA, for therapeutic reasons, including the treatment of anxiety, depression, insomnia, and chemical dependency. CES units generate an adjustable current (80 to 600 microAmperes) that flows through clips placed on the earlobes. The waveform of this device is a 400 milliseconds positive pulse followed by a negative one of the same duration, then a pause of 1.2 seconds. The main frequency is 0.5 Hz, i.e. a double pulse every 2 seconds. Some people report that this kind of minute specialized electrical impulses contributes to achieve a relaxed state that leaves the mind alert.

==Circuit operation:==

IC1 forms a narrow pulse, 2.5Hz oscillator feeding IC2. This chip generates the various timings for the output pulses. Output is taken at pins 2 & 3 to easily obtain negative going pulses also. Current output is limited to 600µA by R2 and can be regulated from 80 to 600µA by means of R3. The LED flashes every 2 seconds signaling proper operation and can also be used for setting purposes. It can be omitted together with R4, greatly increasing battery life.

Notes:

* In order to obtain a more precise frequency setting take R1=1M2 and add a 500K trimmer in series with it.
* In this case use a frequency meter to read 2.5Hz at pin 3 of IC1, or an oscilloscope to read 400msec pulses at pins 2, 3 or 10, adjusting the added trimmer.
* A simpler setting can be made adjusting the trimmer to count exactly a LED flash every 2 seconds.
* Earclips can be made with little plastic clips and cementing the end of the wire in a position suited to make good contact with earlobes.
* Ultra-simple earclips can be made using a thin copper foil with rounded corners 4 cm. long and 1.5 cm. wide, soldering the wire end in the center, and then folding the foil in two parts holding the earlobes.
* To ensure a better current's transfer, this kind of devices usually has felt pads moistened with a conducting solution interposed between clips and skin.
* Commercial sets have frequently a built-in timer. Timing sessions last generally from 20 minutes to 1 hour.

PC Based using Sound card

2012-02-14T11:18:44Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "Category:Building your own Wow, I did ALOT of searching on the 'net and it seems that I am the first person to ever try this. It took me a good few days research to find ou..."

[[Category:Building your own]]

Wow, I did ALOT of searching on the 'net and it seems that I am the first person to ever try this. It took me a good few days research to find out all the facts on this page so I hope you appreciate it. Also, I have very little electronics knowledge, and I haven't accurately measured any of the signals produced with this method (it will also vary according to your sound card, volume, software, etc.) so while I haven't noticed any negative effects yet this may well be fatal. If you stop hearing updates from me I suggest you discontinue use immediately :)

==The situation==

You may already have everything you need to build a relatively advanced CES device right now. The theory here is that you computer is alot more advanced that the microprocessor found in most CES units -- using the right software you can generate very complex and fun waves to be sent straight into your brain :) And, standard earclips can plug straight into your regular 3.5mm line-out jack of your PC (and if you don't have earclips you can make them quite easily).

WARNING: This may well cause fatal brain damage... I seem to be the only person in the world publicly researching this so until we more info, USE THIS INFORMATION AT YOUR OWN RISK AND/OR PERIL.

IMPORTANT STUFF WE NEED TO FIND OUT: The voltage and ampere output of the average sound card.
[SC->] Line level (signal level) output is 1 volt RMS. Cheaper sound cards will do a little less, more expensive ones can do more. The speaker jack output could in theory get up to several volts (depending on the design). Amperes (amps) is the bigger concern here. Amps are what can give headaches and kill. Most medical papers I've read so far tend to use 1mA (milli-amp, 1/1000 of an ampere) or less (with a warning to not go over 10mA). The average line level out jack can do anywhere from 5-30mA. The average speaker level output will be quite a bit above this. Sound card volume control will vary BOTH the output voltage and amperes out. It's likely that the desired ratio will not be ideal, so usually a simple current limiting resistor should be added to drop the amperes. Warning: More is not necessarily better here. Brain waves are signal levels, not cooking levels. My preferred setting is 1-3volts peak with 1-3mA. A general rule of thumb: if it hurts, it is too much. A person should be able to be jacked on for at least an hour using a constant wave form without experiencing pain. Each person will be slightly different, so there is no one universal setting that is good for everyone.

==Frequencies==

CES units use bi-polar square waves (the current alternates in each direction at particular intervals -- this prevents ionization amongst other things). Audio circuitry is not very useful for generating sign waves. You can check this by generating a square wave with your favourite Audio editor (try Adobe Audition for the PC or the freeware Audacity for Linux), and playing it back while recording and you will see it looks very different. It reaches a +1 or -1 amplitude but only for a very short time and it can't sustain it. However, from about 10 Hz (I think this is what most sound cards are rated at anyways) the results seem to be acceptable. (This is the case on my sound card... additional test results would be appreciated).

This means however that the cool dopey effect seen from the [[Voodoo Magick Box]] at 0.5 can't be reproduced. Away around that with some electronic knowledge is to build a circuit to [http://w5jgv.com/rife/wavshap2/wavshap2.htm Convert sine waves to square waves] - then you can generate regular sign waves with your PC which your sound card can reproduce and this circuit will convert them to the required square waves. I haven't tried this!

Of course, we may also want some other nice frequencies below 10 Hz for brainwave entrainment and other things. A way around this might be modulation. So we have a carrier frequency of say 100 Hz (which is the other popular frequency amongst CES units) and modulate it with our desired frequency. I haven't tried this yet either, I will do more research on it, but anyone who has their own EEG your help would be greatly appreciated!!!

Note: the higher frequencies are alot more pleasant than the 0.5 Hz frequency. It's like a pleasant massaging buzzing on your ears :) You can adjust the intensity with the software mixer of your PC -- you'll probably need to max out the Master control and the regular Wave/PCM control.

===Cool stuff===

Higher frequencies such as 100 Hz are audible by the human ear. Wanna see something freaky? If you have external amplified speakers, hold their connector while you're jacked up... or just touch it anywhere to your body. You'll hear the same sound you would have heard if they were plugged directly into the PC, just a little bit softer. If you're using frequency modulation, you can hear this very clearly... it's pretty cool. Does anyone know if this is dangerous? :)

==Software==

Adobe Audition is really nice because in the Generate->Tone dialog, there is a preview mode to hear the wave without generating a few seconds in advance. In this mode you can adjust all the settings responsible for the wave's final form and you can feel the effects straight away. Incidentally Adobe Edition is based on the original Cool Edit program, which has built in features for binaural brainwave entrainment.

==Call for information==

There is no other information about this subject on the 'net. PLEASE -- if you have decent electronics knowledge and equipment and can assist with any info or self experimentation :), PLEASE CONTRIBUTE INFORMATION to this page.

==External Links==

* [http://superpositioned.com/articles/2006/01/24/sound-card-based-signal-generators Sound card based signal generators]
* [http://www.virtins.com/page6.html Pocket PC signal generator] (commercial)
* [http://www.usbee.com/ USB-based signal generators] (commercial +/- $800)

File:Double ebs 4069.gif

2012-02-14T11:17:41Z

Kinslayer:

File:Double ebs 4049.gif

2012-02-14T11:17:34Z

Kinslayer:

File:Ebs 4069.gif

2012-02-14T11:17:26Z

Kinslayer:

File:Ces circuit 2.gif

2012-02-14T11:17:17Z

Kinslayer:

Electronic Brain Stimulator

2012-02-14T11:15:08Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "Category:Building your own {{hackcanada|http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/ces_circuit_2.html}} Designed by MK Ultra Image:ces_circuit_2.gif ====Parts Lis..."

[[Category:Building your own]]
{{hackcanada|http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/ces_circuit_2.html}}

Designed by MK Ultra

[[Image:ces_circuit_2.gif]]

====Parts List<====
<pre>
C 0.22 microfarad capacitor
R 1 Megohm Potentiometer
CD4049 CD4049 CMOS Hex Inverter Integrated Circuit
E Salt Water Electrodes:
(these are made from insulated wire soldered to dimes.
the dimes are then covered with foam earphone pads, the
small "ear-bud" variety. Before use these are dipped in
a salt-water solution to make them conductive, and
fastened to the head with an elastic terrycloth tennis
headband.)
B+,B- 9-volt battery clip.
(positive & negative terminals, respectively)
S SPST (single-pole single throw) on/off switch.
</pre>

====Other Parts====

* A circuit strip or printed circuit board
* solder and a soldering iron
* insulated thin-guage copper wire
* 16-pin IC DIP socket (holds the integrated circuit)
* A Knob for the potentiometer
* A circuit or project box to house the unit.
* A 9-volt battery

This rudimentary unit produces biphasic square waves. The current reverses with each pulse cycle. This helps prevent an ion gradient from building up across the stimulated tissue. It is suggested that the unit NOT be used for longer than 20-40 minutes at a session. NEVER use bare metal electrodes against the skin - these can cause electrolysis burns.

Varying the electrode placement yields different effects. The "standard" electrode placement is at the mastoid process, the flat, bony area behind the ears. Alternative electrode sites include the temples near the outside corners of the eyes (this placement best for phosphene/visual pattern induction), or one electrode at the center of the forehead and another at the back of the head near the base of skull/top of neck. The electrodes may be placed anywhere on the body if one wishes to experiment with somatosensory stimulation.

Varying the operating frequency (by adjusting the tuning knob) produces the most striking variety of effects. The texture, brightness and kinetics of the visual patterns changes remarkably within the 1-50 cycles per second range. Somewhere above 30-60 cycles per second, visual effects cease. Brainwave entrainment also occurs at the appropriate settings:

<pre>
Delta Waves: .5-3 cycles per second
Theta Waves: 3-7 cycles per second (try 4.5)
Alpha Waves: 7-14 cycles per second (try 9.5)
Beta Waves: 14+ cycles per second (try 14)
</pre>

The unit can be tuned and calibrated with a frequency meter, but frequency may drift with operating temperature and battery strength.

Results will vary based on operating conditions, battery strength, electrode placement, electrode saturation, type of electrode-wetting solution used individual personal factors and sensitivities, set and setting.

An intensity control may be added by putting a 100K potentiometer in series with one of the electrode wires.

A trimpot or limiting resistor (about 1K-2.2K ohms) may be put in series with the frequency-setting potentiometer to adjust the maxiumum frequency. The unit will stop oscillating if the resistance of R is set below about 1K ohm. This can result in a continuous direct current signal at the electrodes, which is unsuitable for extended exposure.

A light-emitting diode (LED) can be placed in the circuit to provide a visual frequency cue. This unit is also capable of driving a pair of LED-goggles for experimenting with flicker-entrainment.

==Alternative Circuits==

[SC->] Important Note! The CD4069 chip shown here is actually incorrect. The data sheet for the CD4069 shows the inverters pointing the OPPOSITE direction. I have not personally built this circuit, but it should work if you erase the drawn outline of the DIP package and follow the remaining schmatic diagram instead. Warning #2: the chip data sheet doesn't recommend leaving the unused inverters unconnected/floating. Probably the best solution would be to tie the inputs to Vcc and outputs to ground.

These circuits implement dual oscillators (for multiple frequency/beat frequency effects) or use the CD4069 CMOS Hex Inverter which is a more modern chip and easier to find than the CD4049 chip.

[[Image:ebs_4069.gif]]

Reader Martin C. has pointed out that there are errors in this diagram. The corrected circuit can be found [[:Image:Ebs 4069 correct.gif|here]]. It is likely that other circuits on this page may contain similar errors (particularly the other one based on the 4069 IC). Additional [[Corrected 4069 by Martin C|notes and pictures]] by Martin C.

[[Image:double_ebs_4049.gif]]
[[Image:double_ebs_4069.gif]]

File:Mart3.jpg

2012-02-14T11:14:25Z

Kinslayer:

File:Mart2.jpg

2012-02-14T11:14:18Z

Kinslayer:

File:Mart1.jpg

2012-02-14T11:14:10Z

Kinslayer:

File:Ebs 4069 correct.gif

2012-02-14T11:13:28Z

Kinslayer:

Template:Hackcanada

2012-02-14T11:12:38Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "<div style="background: #eeeeee; border: solid black 1px; padding: 0.5em; margin: 2em;"> The contents of this page have been copied (with permission) from [http://www.hackcanada...."

<div style="background: #eeeeee; border: solid black 1px; padding: 0.5em; margin: 2em;">
The contents of this page have been copied (with permission) from [http://www.hackcanada.com HackCanada]. The original page can be found [{{{1}}} here].
</div>

Corrected 4069 by Martin C

2012-02-14T11:12:17Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "[SC->] Important Note! The CD4069 chip shown here is actually incorrect. The data sheet for the CD4069 shows the inverters pointing the OPPOSITE direction. *** I tried building t..."

[SC->] Important Note! The CD4069 chip shown here is actually incorrect. The data sheet for the CD4069 shows the inverters pointing the OPPOSITE direction. *** I tried building this circuit and could not get it to work. It seems the "fix" is actually a break. Stick with the original circuits on the other pages and it should work just fine. *** Warning #2: the chip data sheet doesn't recommend leaving the unused inverters unconnected/floating. Probably the best solution would be to tie the inputs to Vcc and outputs to ground.

[[Category:Building your own]]
{{hackcanada|http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/dope/mart.html}}

I've added a 1m ohm pot to the electrode because when I tested it with the multimeter and oscilloscope I found out that the final output, at the electrode, was building up to 1200 millivolt!

So, there's a pot for the frequency (2hz to ultrasound), another one for the output level, and an on-off switch. The electrodes are made of felt over a shim (0.006 inch thick) of brass welded to the wire. I use standard "salinex" (salt water "nose cleaner"). Here's the little windows program I use to get an oscilloscope out of my pc, using the sound card.

Martin C.
2005-12-23

==Circuit Diagram==

[[Image:ebs_4069_correct.gif]]

==Finished unit==

[[Image:mart1.jpg]]
[[Image:mart2.jpg]]
[[Image:mart3.jpg]]

Category:Building your own

2012-02-14T11:11:11Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "With some basical electronics knowledge you can build your own unit quite easily. * http://www.redcircuits.com/Page19.htm"

With some basical electronics knowledge you can build your own unit quite easily.

* http://www.redcircuits.com/Page19.htm

File:Voodoo2.jpg

2012-02-14T11:09:58Z

Kinslayer:

File:Voodoo1.jpg

2012-02-14T11:09:25Z

Kinslayer:

Inside the Voodoo Magick Box

2012-02-14T11:07:54Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "Dissecting the Voodoo Magick Box. Click on the pics for high res. 300px The microchip reads: 12C508A 04/POA1 (M) 0203 with (M) being..."

Dissecting the Voodoo Magick Box. Click on the pics for high res.

[[Image:voodoo1.jpg|300px]]

The microchip reads: 
12C508A 
04/POA1 
(M) 0203 
 
with (M) being the "Microchip" logo. 
The 12C508A is a small 8bit 4MHz PIC chip. If you're thinking about pirating this design, don't bother. A PIC requires a program to be uploaded to it first before it will work. Other than that, this design is fairly standard. 
 
Both resistors are 1000 ohm. One is current limiting for the LED's. One looks to be in line with the electrode output (probably for current limiting protection, don't fry your brain). 
 
Capacitators: 
Closest to microchip: 104 
Closest to battery: K5K 
Both of these appear to be filtering the voltage regulator. 
 
The diode prevents damage if the battery is reversed. 
 
Voltage regulator: MC78L 05ACP 224 
On the back it says K5. 
This is a TO-92 packaged 5v regulator. [http://docs-europe.electrocomponents.com/webdocs/0609/0900766b80609b21.pdf data sheet] 

[[Image:voodoo2.jpg|300px]]

 
 
A comment or two. The output would be considered "mono" in audio terms. While this may sound bad for audio, this is quite standard and usually desirable for CES equipment. To contrast it, a "stereo" version would be more likely to use some type of frequency modulation for the brainwave manipulation. This would be much more complicated and may not give the intended results. As touched on before, it is unclear what frequencies (or varied frequencies) the PIC chip programming would output. I'm not overly clear how the PIC chip would invert the voltage for the bottom half of the wave form. This needs to be scoped for clarity.

<hr>
=== Additional Notes ===
After writing out a schematic of the Voodoo Magick Box from the above photos it became obvious that [http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/dope/tiny13.html this circuit based on the ATTiny13] is very similar in design and function. While it would still be interesting to see an original Voodoo box on a scope, this AVR based circuit would appear to work nearly identically to the Voodoo Magick Box. The trick to getting a zero-crossing pulse, or a pulse that appears to go both positive and negative to the observer, lies in the orientation of the observer. Technically the PIC and the AVR circuits have no negative voltage output, but the outputs (ear clips) are connected to separate data output pin on the microcontroller. This means when one pin (ear clip) is "high", the other acts as ground. Basically the ground switches places on each pulse, which to the observer appears to be a negative pulse every other cycle.

Additionally, after building and testing the ATTiny13 circuit from Hack Canada's site, it is confirmed to work as a true CES device. Of course the best part is that code for the ATTiny13 circuit is available for download and modification, so people can resume building their own Voodoo Magick Box's.

Voodoo Magick Box

2012-02-14T11:07:24Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "Category:Units right Labelled "The World's First Digital Drug", this seems to be the only CES unit to have ever been marketed for recreational ..."

[[Category:Units]]
[[Image:VoodooMagickBox.jpg|right]]

Labelled "The World's First Digital Drug", this seems to be the only CES unit to have ever been marketed for recreational use. Originally produced by Voodoo Machines, the unit is no longer in production. However, you may find the following external links of use:

* [http://www.nettwerked.net/voodoo.html NettWerked] are presently having a clearance sale. This is the only possible way to buy new units until they are all sold out.

* [http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/ HackCanada] have a page about hacking the unit or making your own, including some user experiences.

* [http://www.hackcanada.com/homegrown/wetware/ces/vm_mirror/ VoodooMachines] - a copy of the original www.voodoomachines.com before it went down, hosted by HackCanada

Frequency: 0.5 Hz 
Current: ??

See also: [[Inside the Voodoo Magick Box]]

Category:Units

2012-02-14T11:07:03Z

Kinslayer: Created page with "{| cellpadding=5 |- ! Unit !! Frequencies !! Current !! Price +/- || Battery || Other |- style="background: #dddddd;" | Alpha Stim 100 || 0.5, 1.5 or 100 Hz || 10 - 600 &mu..."

{| cellpadding=5

|-
! Unit !! Frequencies !! Current !! Price +/- || Battery || Other

|- style="background: #dddddd;"
| [[Alpha Stim 100]] || 0.5, 1.5 or 100 Hz || 10 - 600 μA || $895

|- style="background: #eeeeee;"
| [[CES Ultra]] || 0.35 Hz or 100 Hz || 0-1.5 μA or 70-100 μA || $295 || 20hrs

|- style="background: #dddddd;"
| [[Health Pax]] || 0.5 Hz or 100 Hz || 10 - 600 $mu;A || $239 || 20hrs

|- style="background: #eeeeee;"
| [[NeuroTrek Digital Pro]] || 0.2 Hz - 60 Hz || 0 - 3000 μA || $795 || 20hrs || Syncs with Light/Sound devices

|- style="background: #dddddd;"
| [[Voodoo Magick Box]] || 0.5 Hz || ?? || $50

|}

Main Page

2012-02-14T11:06:02Z

Kinslayer: